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These patents are fully owned by
V. Guruprasad,
and requests for licensing
are cordially invited.
Email: licensing (at) inspiredresearch (dot) com
Phone: +1 845 278 8283 (please leave message)
NDA forms:
doc (38 kB),
pdf (10 kB).
Generation of electromagnetic or other waves of any frequency, coherence, modulation, power, etc. and for scaling such waves in frequency by any factor. Generation is achieved by incorporating an available source of desired coherence, modulation and power properties at some band of frequencies and scaling to the desired frequencies. For scaling, a source-distance dependent mechanism of copending applications titled 'Passive distance measurement using spectral phase gradients' and 'Distance-dependent spectra with uniform sampling spectrometry', which depends solely on source linespread and wave propagation, and is independent of specific material properties, is combined with a means of determination, or prior knowledge, of the source distance. This distance, from the source to the frequency scaling mechanism, may be shortened with a refractive or dispersive medium, or varied for fine tuning of the frequency scale factor, and its variation may be effected via electrooptic or magnetooptic properties of the medium.
In a receiver of electromagnetic or other waves, scaling of received frequencies in proportion to the respective source distances, so as to reveal the source distances and permit isolation of signals from a particular source by simple spectral filtering. Phase differences between transmitted frequencies due to the common source path lead to chirp eigenfunctions registering in the receiver as scaled frequencies. The chirps are extracted by implementing exponentially varying path delays in autocorrelators and diffractive spectrometers say using a medium with variable refractive index. Analogous exponentially varying phase shifts are applied to successive samples in the kernel of discrete Fourier transform implementations. Advantage lies in enabling distance-dependent frequency scaling in autocorrelation spectroscopy, as well as in conventional diffractive or refractive spectrometers or digital signal processing with uniform sampling.
General method for extracting source distance information from any kind of received radiation, including electromagnetic and acoustic, without involving round-trip time or phase in any form, and thus more truly passive than existing passive radars. The method exploits the facts that radiation from a real source must comprise wavepackets of nonzero bandwidth, that the individual frequency components of a wavepacket must have consistent phase at the source, and that their instantaneous phases must increase linearly along the path in proportion to the respective frequencies, so that the phase gradient across the components must be proportional to the distance travelled. The invention simplifies over naive phase gradient measurement by scanning the phase gradient at a controlled rate, thereby converting the gradient into normalized frequency shifts proportional to the scanning rate and the source distance. It mimics the cosmological redshift and acceleration, but at measurable levels over any desired range and even with sound. Potential applications include stealth and 'unjammable' radars for the military, ranging capability for emergency services, commodity low-power vehicular and personal radars, simplification and improvements in radar and diagnostic imaging, improved ranging in general all the way from ground to inter-galactic space, 'interference-free' communication systems including radio and television receivers, source-distance (or range-division) multiplexing improved cellphone power control and battery life, and continuous, transparent diagnostics for optical fibres, integrated circuits and transmission lines.
General method for extracting an electromagnetic or other wave-propagated signal of a desired source from the overall received waveform containing the sum of signals from a multiple of such sources comprising the steps of first expanding the spectrum of the received sum of signals in proportion to their source distance so as to spectrally isolate the signal from the desired source, selecting the signal spectrum and spectrally compressing the selected signal back to its original band of frequencies. The distance dependent expansion is performed by scanning the space gradient of the signal spectrum.
Incremental control of motion in the thermodynamic phase space of a heat engine, by modulating the piston speed to control the instantaneous rate of change of temperature relative to the instantaneous heat flow during each cycle. The modulation is independent of the overall operating speed, overcoming a basic flaw in the concept of quasistatic operation that thermal leakages cannot be diminished by merely reducing the speed, and would cause the efficiency of a real engine to also vanish in the limit. The modulation and control are envisaged for more precise execution of given thermodynamic cycles, asymptotic approach to the ideal thermodynamic cycles, and emulation of the cycles of other engines by real heat engines, as well as to mechanical and electrical transformers for assuring the maximum power factors at any operating speed by executing the analogous "Carnot cycles". Additionally, mechanical heat engines are shown to have equivalent electrical forms as inductive or capacitive engines, using magnetic or dielectric thermodynamic media, respectively, so that the control analysis and design are easily translated, in reverse, to analogous mechanical forms, and hybrid engines are described potentially combining the high power of mechanical heat engines with the direct conversion capabilities of the electrical forms, so that the electrical control embodiment is as such available at the highest power levels currently achieved only by gas (mechanical) heat engines.
Magnetic heat engines directly converting heat to electricity, using emf induced by demagnetization. Generated power manifests as negative resistance, and almost any kind and shape of magnetic medium can be used. Electromagnetic engines are also tolerant to non-uniform heating, inherently non-contact and non-mechanical, easy to model and design, and operable at high frequencies. The engines are suitable for augmenting local heating, refrigeration without fluid refrigerants, efficient cooling of cryogenic components, synchronous cooling of digital circuits, completely solid-state power generation, and improvement of power plant efficiency and control.
A hologram transducer using the Faraday effect in magnetic bubble devices for recording and reproducing the amplitude and phase distributions over a section of a beam of coherent light is disclosed. The transducer spatially modulates the intensity, by using linear polarization, and the phase, by using circular polarization, of light transmitted through a magnetic bubble device. Using linear polarization and a single magnetic bubble domain to traverse in a sequence the possible storage positions in the magnetic bubble device, the transducer samples at each of these positions the intensity of the transmitted light. Using in addition a coherent reference beam of light to interfere with the light being measured, the transducer samples the phase in the half range of 0 through .pi. radians at these positions. Further, using a quarter cycle phase shift in the reference beam, the transducer resolves the phase values over the full range of 0 through 2.pi. radians. Because of the localization of the sample values by the magnetic bubbles to the order of the wavelength of the light, optical holograms may be directly recorded as electrical signals by the transducer and the corresponding images reconstructed by the transducer from the electrical signals.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method is provided for automatic aggregation of a plurality of virtual paths emanating from a first switch. The method includes automatically discovering and identifying portions of the virtual paths that run parallel to one another, e.g., through the same set of switches up to a common terminating switch at which the paths diverge or terminate, as a candidate path set for aggregation, constructing a tunnel path along this set of paths all the way between the first switch and the terminating switch, and aggregating the parallel portions identified by the path set into the tunnel.
Uniform and infinitely scalable system and method for communication between application processes providing both point-to-point and multi-point connectivity without dependance on end-to-end addressing, using a framework of nameservers as exchanges for sharing named contexts of communication. Application processes define and reference the contexts by name on nameservers addressed by pathnames, and the framework then synthesises the end-to-end transport between the requesting processes by first concatenating the service paths taken by the defining and referencing requests to form end-to-end service paths, and then using these end-to-end service paths to perform the requisite signalling to the underlying physical networks for setting up the transport. Only local references are used in the configuration of the nameservers and switches, and in the computation and signalling of the service and transport paths, respectively. Each shared context provides a virtual network address space for multiple, simultaneous connections, and the contexts also serve as in-network framework for hosting connection management facilities, including in-network authentication, as well as transport mechanisms providing diverse qualities of service.
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